Glottic and supraglottic sound sources are long-recognized in human voicing, with supraglottic sources especially observed for specific genres of singing (e.g. Tuva or Rock). A recent supraglottic taxonomy identified four phenotypes related to discrete vibrations in specific anatomical structures in the supraglottic region, including ventricular folds, aeryepiglottic folds, the arytenoid complex, and the cuneiforms relative to the epiglottis, among other taxonomic dimensions. Moreover, the vocal folds themselves can also produce biphonic and complex vibratory patterns resulting in subharmonic and irregular emissions. Finally, several upper vocal tract sources are pedagogically identified in certain singing styles and languages, including vibrations of the uvula against the pharyngeal wall and of the back-tongue in combination with the hard palate. These sources can be combined and varied systematically to produce a variety of sounds. This presentation integrates stroboscopic, acoustic, auditory-perceptual, electroglottographic, and theoretical insights into these phenomena and their combinations across singing habilitation and pathological rehabilitation to propose directions for an inclusive taxonomy of human sound sources. Work supported by Innovation Foundation Grant 8054-00039B.
Aaen et al. (Wed,) studied this question.