The canonical Vietnamese-language LaTeX reference of the past two decades, Nguyễn Thái Sơn's 2010 Soạn thảo văn bản khoa học với LaTeX, documents a workflow that was state-of-the-art when written but has drifted out of synchronisation with the 2024–2026 mainstream stack. The 2010 baseline assumes pdfLaTeX as the default engine, the vntex package as the Vietnamese-language adapter, bibtex as the bibliography processor, hand-orchestrated multi-pass compilation, and a TeXShop-class GUI editor as the canonical authoring surface. Each of these has been superseded, deprecated, or substantially recontextualised in the intervening sixteen years. A textbook that uncritically reproduces the 2010 toolchain instructions teaches Vietnamese learners a setup that will not match the defaults of any current distribution they install, will not be reproducible against the build pipelines used by Vietnamese journals and theses since c. 2020, and will not interoperate with the modern editor surface that learners will adopt regardless of what the textbook prescribes. This paper derives an explicit diff document between the 2010 baseline and the 2026 mainstream. Each loadbearing element is tagged as obsolete (use of the element is now actively discouraged, with documented failure modes), changed (the element persists in concept but the canonical implementation has been replaced), or stable (the element survives the gap and remains the right teaching content). Obsolete items include pdfLaTeX + vntex + TCVN3 / VISCII encodings, bibtex for nontrivial bibliographies, by-hand pdflatex → bibtex → pdflatex → pdflatex orchestration, and TeXShop-style monoculture. Changed items include the engine transition to XeLaTeX (or LuaLaTeX as a forward-compatible alternative), polyglossia + fontspec for Vietnamese language and font handling, biblatex + biber for bibliography, latexmk (or equivalent driver) for build orchestration, and the VS Code + LaTeX Workshop / Overleaf / TeXstudio editor landscape. Stable items include the LaTeX2e document-class system, the math environment vocabulary, the cross-reference primitive (, , and their modern extensions), and user-defined macros and semantic markup. For each diff item we provide a recommendation, a worked LaTeX snippet, and a chapter-level mapping into Vol 3 of the Document Engineering textbook series. The synthesis grounds against the original Vietnamese baseline (Nguyễn 2010), Lamport (1986/1994), Mittelbach et al. (2023) LaTeX Companion 3rd edition, Kew (2005) on XeTeX, Robertson and Hosny (2010) on fontspec, the polyglossia and biblatex / biber reference manuals (Charette 2024; Lehman et al. 2024; Kime 2024), and Collins's latexmk documentation, plus vendor-facing documentation for the modern editor surface (Overleaf 2024; LaTeX Workshop 2024) and the Tectonic alternative engine project. The paper is a workflow-modernisation specification, not an empirical study;
That Le (Tue,) studied this question.