From Traps to Taxa: Building a Robust DNA Barcode Reference Library for the Early Detection of Invasive Cerambycidae

ABSTRACT Accurate and rapid identification of insect species is essential for effective biosurveillance, especially with increasing global trade and the spread of invasive pests. DNA barcoding has become a powerful tool for specimen identification, but its reliability depends heavily on the completeness and accuracy of reference databases. Many existing databases remain fragmentary and contain poorly annotated or misidentified records. Here, we present a curated DNA barcode reference library of 4097 DNA barcodes representing 169 species of longhorned beetles (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae), a group frequently intercepted in European biosurveillance programmes using multi‐pheromone traps. By prioritizing taxonomic validation and data quality, this library provides a robust resource for accurate specimen identification. Beyond biosurveillance, it also supports ecological research, as cerambycids are valuable bioindicators of forest health. Our results highlight the critical role of expert curation in ensuring the accuracy of barcode libraries used for both pest monitoring and biodiversity assessment.