The international community witnessed, during the era of former President Donald Trump, a series of US withdrawal measures from most international sites and agreements. The agreement concluded by Trump with the Taliban movement to withdraw from Afghanistan was one of the most important international events, as it was expected that the new administration would back down from withdrawing from Afghanistan, but the current President Biden ordered and announced the withdrawal of US forces from Afghanistan, which caused political and security repercussions at the level of the Afghan interior, the regional level, and the environment surrounding Afghanistan.The study concluded that the US withdrawal from Afghanistan had a negative impact on the Afghan interior, while it had a positive impact on the policy orientations of some regional countries, especially Turkey, which strengthened its influence and presence in the region and AfghanistanThe study is based on the basic hypothesis that (the American withdrawal from Afghanistan has had a negative and positive impact on the situation in Afghanistan and the region, especially some regional and international powers that have deepened the extent of their responsibility and the opportunities for their presence and influence in the region).
Hamoud et al. (Sun,) studied this question.