This article examines a largely overlooked risk in organizational AI adoption: the gradual erosion of human judgment. While most discussions surrounding AI focus on automation, productivity, and efficiency gains, the more consequential shift may occur at the cognitive and governance level. As AI systems increasingly participate in analysis, recommendation, and strategic framing, organizations risk unintentionally transferring decision authority to probabilistic systems that cannot assume responsibility for outcomes. The article argues that AI differs fundamentally from previous technological infrastructures because it operates not as a deterministic utility, but as a probabilistic agent that increasingly resembles judgment. This creates new governance challenges related to accountability, attribution, and organizational control. To address these risks, the article introduces the concept of a “Judgment Audit Trail” and proposes a three-layer framework for retaining human decision authority: logical adjudication, reality adjudication, and value-based adjudication. Together, these mechanisms help organizations preserve independent judgment while still benefiting from AI-assisted acceleration. The article concludes that the defining competitive advantage of organizations in the AI era may not be the speed of AI adoption itself, but the ability to retain and exercise judgment under conditions of algorithmic abundance.
Fan Zhao (Sun,) studied this question.