Influence and assessment of nutritional status in patients undergoing treatment for colorectal cancer

Introduction: Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the most common gastrointestinal malignancies, and patients' nutritional status plays a crucial role in postoperative recovery. Aim: This study aimed to assess the impact of nutritional status on postoperative outcomes in patients undergoing colorectal cancer surgery. Materials and Methods: This observational study included 50 patients who underwent colorectal cancer surgery. Data on anthropometric, laboratory, and clinical parameters were collected, including body weight, BMI, NRS-2002, SGA, and mGPS. Surgical variables such as type and duration of the procedure, as well as postoperative complications classified according to the Clavien-Dindo classification, were also evaluated. Statistical analysis was performed using t-test, χ² test, ANOVA, and logistic regression to assess the impact of nutritional status on postoperative outcomes. Results: Anthropometric, laboratory, and clinical parameters were analyzed using validated nutritional screening tools (NRS-2002, SGA). The results showed that patients with higher nutritional risk had prolonged hospital stays and an increased risk of postoperative complications. Inflammatory status, measured by the mGPS score, was significantly correlated with recovery time. Nutritional interventions, including preoperative supplementation, demonstrated potential in improving treatment outcomes. Conclusion: This study confirms the importance of early nutritional screening and individualized nutritional support in reducing postoperative complications and improving the quality of life of patients with colorectal cancer.