Concept and structure of an improved risk management system in international transportation

In the conditions of international transportation development, characterised by a high level of uncertainty, increased requirements for customs control, and active digitalisation of logistics processes, the issue of effective risk management is of particular importance. Risks arise at the intersection of transport, logistics, and customs operations, have a complex nature, and are capable of spreading along the entire supply chain, which complicates their timely identification and mitigation. The aim of the study was to develop a concept and structure of an improved risk management system in international transportation, focused on process integration and real-time decision support. The study employed system analysis, methods of structural and functional modelling, risk assessment methods in accordance with ISO 31000 provisions, as well as fuzzy logic methods to formalise decision-making processes under conditions of uncertainty and incomplete information. A hierarchical transport and technological risk management system was proposed, covering all stages of international cargo transportation – from planning to execution control. The composition of key subsystems was defined, including identification, assessment, decision support, implementation of mitigation measures, and monitoring. A methodology for forming an integrated risk map had been developed, enabling the determination of risk criticality levels and the establishment of management priorities. An architecture of an intelligent decision support system was proposed, ensuring the integration of data, expert evaluations, and analytical tools. The results of the study can be used to improve the efficiency of customs control, reduce delays in international transportation, optimise logistics processes, and enhance the reliability of transport system operations