With the rapid development of modern technologies, the Internet of Things (IoT) has become a key driver in the evolution of smart homes. IoT-enabled smart homes offer features such as remote control, energy optimization, enhanced security, and improved user experience. This study investigates the role of IoT in smart home environments by analyzing architectural models, key enabling technologies, user perspectives, and security challenges. Drawing upon multiple studies, it examines the device, network, edge computing, and application layers, highlighting how these components interact to provide intelligent, adaptive, and user-centric automation. Key applications discussed include home automation, energy management, security systems, and personalized user experiences. The study also identifies prevalent cybersecurity threats, including weak encryption, inadequate authentication, and lack of standardization, and proposes mitigation strategies such as end-to-end encryption, multi-factor authentication, role-based access control, and local data processing on edge devices. A conceptual model is proposed to enhance system efficiency, security, and usability, combining technical solutions with human-centered design principles. The findings demonstrate that integrating IoT technologies with user-focused design significantly improves comfort, safety, and energy efficiency in smart homes.
Amir Reza Jamshidi (Sun,) studied this question.
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