Low Utilization of Dietetic Support and Determinants of Lifestyle Modification Among Women With Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome: A Cross-Sectional Study

Introduction Polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS) is one of the most common endocrine disorders among women of reproductive age. It is associated with metabolic and reproductive complications, and lifestyle modification plays an important role in its management. However, adherence to these measures remains suboptimal. Objective The objective of this study was to assess the facilitators and barriers to lifestyle modification among women with PCOS. Methods This cross-sectional study was conducted in the gynecology outpatient department of a tertiary care institute over three months. Women aged 18-40 years diagnosed with PCOS based on Rotterdam criteria were included. Data were collected using a structured questionnaire assessing sociodemographic characteristics, symptomatology, dietary habits, physical activity, and factors influencing lifestyle modification. Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS software, version 22.0 (IBM Corp., Armonk, NY). Results A total of 169 women were included. The median age was 28 years, and the median Body Mass Index (BMI) was 26 kg/m². Overall, 72.2% of participants did not achieve weight reduction, while 27.8% achieved ≥5 kg weight loss. Depressive mood was significantly associated with failure to reduce weight (p = 0.002), whereas concern about body image facilitated weight reduction (p = 0.032). Common barriers included fatigue (74.6%), lack of time (42.6%), and easy accessibility to junk food (56.2%). Only 3.55% of participants had consulted a dietitian. Conclusion Adherence to lifestyle modification among women with PCOS remains low, with multiple physical and psychological barriers identified. Utilization of dietetic support was minimal. Addressing these barriers through structured counseling and multidisciplinary care may help improve adherence and clinical outcomes.