The subject of this study is the professional judgments of a specialist regarding the methods of recognizing and evaluating the facts of economic activity and calculating the values of profit and loss statement items when preparing financial statements in accordance with the requirements of International Financial Reporting Standards. As part of the work, several tasks were set: to define the concept of high-quality professional judgment, to establish its characteristics; to deduce groups of reporting users depending on access to information about the company; Based on the selected groups, create categories of indicators that use data about the company available to different users to calculate; provide and justify an acceptable interval for each of the indicators; combine these indicators into a weighted model; test the model in terms of the category of public reporting indicators by assessing the fairness of the distribution of the evaluation of relative risk of data manipulation. Methods of logical and quantitative analysis were used in the process of forming financial indicators. Modeling was used in the formation of the judgment quality assessment system. The model was tested using the method of experimentation. The elements of scientific novelty in the work are the definition of high-quality professional judgment, the distinguishing features of competent and incompetent use of judgment, and a model for evaluating the quality of judgments based on publicly available information.It is proved that the use of the developed model provides a fair assessment of the relative risk of manipulation of the reporting data. It has been revealed that the risk of manipulation in certain industries is much higher than in others, which may be due to the peculiarities of applying accounting rules to industry specifics. The tested model can be used in the process of analyzing financial statements as one of the factors of reliability of the disclosed information.Due to the revealed dependence of the risk of manipulating reports and the amount of judgment used, the conceptual question is raised about the expediency of its application in such a significant volume. Moreover, the question is raised about the need for external control over the quality of judgments made through the formation of a supervisory authority.
Konstantin YUrievich Lisin (Sun,) studied this question.