The Concept of Panchabhuta (Five Elements) and Environmental Ethics: A Survey of Public Awareness Toward Climate Action

Abstract Climate change requires not only scientific and policy-driven solutions but also ethical and cultural engagement from society. In the Indian context, traditional knowledge systems offer valuable ecological perspectives that can complement modern climate discourse. One such framework is Panchabhuta the concept of five elements: Earth, Water, Fire, Air, and Space which emphasizes balance, interconnectedness, and respect for nature. This study examines public awareness of the Panchabhuta concept and explores its relationship with environmental ethics and climate action. It investigates whether individuals who perceive nature as sacred or living demonstrate a stronger sense of moral responsibility toward environmental protection. The study also evaluates the influence of Indian Knowledge System (IKS) based values on everyday climate-related practices such as sustainable consumption, waste reduction, and water conservation. Further, it assesses the potential of Panchabhuta-based metaphors in making climate change communication more culturally resonant and effective for the Indian population. Using a structured questionnaire, data were collected from respondents across diverse demographic backgrounds. The findings highlight the relevance of indigenous ecological wisdom in strengthening environmental ethics and promoting responsible climate action, suggesting that culturally rooted frameworks like Panchabhuta can play a meaningful role in contemporary sustainability efforts.