What does this research mean for the field?

The adoption of interdependence models, which integrate research-transfer and adult education perspectives, can build common understanding, improve collaboration, and generate broader support for Extension programs. Novelty: ClaimNovelty.METHODOLOGICAL. Consensus alignment: ConsensusAlignment.NEUTRAL.

What question did this study set out to answer?

This research seeks to highlight the utility of interdependence models in clarifying Extension roles and processes.

May 28, 2026

Interdependence Models

Key Points

This research seeks to highlight the utility of interdependence models in clarifying Extension roles and processes.
Analyzed perspectives from research-transfer and adult education models.
Identified how interdependence models can be applied within Extension contexts.
Recommended engagement strategies with other agencies and policymakers.
Increased cooperation between Extension and public agencies was observed.
Enhanced common understanding of Extension roles helped facilitate collaboration.
Broader support for Extension initiatives was indicated through stakeholder involvement.

Abstract

Interdependence models combine the perspectives of Extension held by research-transfer models and adult education models. Research faculty and public policymakers generally use research-transfer models to characterize Extension roles, while faculty and administrators within Extension generally use adult education models. Use of interdependence models can build common understandings and expectations concerning Extension processes and roles. Extension should invite other agencies and organizations, public policymakers, and legislators to use interdependence models. This not only should improve cooperation and collaboration among Extension and other public agencies and the private sector, but also should help build broader support for Extension.

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