What does this research mean for the field?

CaSO₄:Dy and LiF:Mg,Ti thermoluminescent dosimeters provide accurate and homogeneous dose measurements for Cs-137 sources, with dose distribution homogeneity improving at greater distances and measurement accuracy peaking at shorter distances. Novelty: ClaimNovelty.INCREMENTAL. Consensus alignment: ConsensusAlignment.NEUTRAL.

What question did this study set out to answer?

This study aims to evaluate the dose distribution homogeneity and accuracy of CaSO₄:Dy and LiF:Mg,Ti thermoluminescent dosimeters.

May 30, 2026Open Access

Evaluation of Dose Distribution Homogeneity and Accuracy for a Cs-137 Source Using Thermoluminescent Dosimeters (CaSO₄:Dy and LiF:Mg,Ti)

YWYuni WartyState University of Medan DWDewi WulandariState University of Medan SSSoraya SorayaState University of Medan

Key Points

This study aims to evaluate the dose distribution homogeneity and accuracy of CaSO₄:Dy and LiF:Mg,Ti thermoluminescent dosimeters.
Utilized the G-10-360-15CS Gamma Beam Irradiator for testing.
Mounted TLDs on a 30 × 30 × 5 cm PMMA phantom for dose assessment.
Conducted homogeneity and accuracy tests at various doses and distances.
Homogeneity test showed uniform dose distribution (CV ≤ 15%) at 150 cm and 200 cm.
For TLD CaSO₄:Dy, performance bias ranged from –9.21% to –2.50%, with calibration factors from 1.026 to 1.101.
For TLD LiF:Mg,Ti, performance bias ranged from 2.46% to –0.28%, with calibration factors of 0.976 to 1.003.

Abstract

Introduction: Cesium-137 (Cs-137) is a widely used source of ionizing radiation across various fields.Thermoluminescent dosimeters (TLDs), due to their sensitivity and reliability, are frequently employed to measure radiation dose in medical, industrial, and research applications. This study specifically aims to assess the homogeneity and accuracy of CaSO₄:Dy and LiF:Mg,Ti TLDs to support calibration and radiation safety practices. Material and Methods: The experiment utilized the G-10-360-15CS Gamma Beam Irradiator as the radiation source. The CaSO₄:Dy and LiF:Mg,Ti TLDs were mounted on a 30 × 30 × 5 cm Polymethyl Methacrylate (PMMA) phantom. The testing procedure included TLD annealing, homogeneity testing, and dose accuracy assessment. The TLDs were calibrated using a Cs-137 reference source by comparing the actual delivered dose to the TLD readings. Testing was conducted at doses of (0.1 mSv and 0.5 mSv) and distances (100, 150, and 200 cm). Results: The homogeneity test showed a uniform dose distribution (CV ≤ 15%) at distances of 150 cm and 200 cm. The accuracy test indicated a performance bias of –9.21% to –2.50% for TLD CaSO₄:Dy, with calibration factors ranging from 1.026 to 1.101, and a performance bias of 2.46% to –0.28% for TLD LiF:Mg,Ti, with calibration factors of 0.976 to 1.003. All values meet the required tolerance limits. Therefore, TLD CaSO₄:Dy and TLD LiF:Mg,Ti are suitable for radiation dose measurements. Conclusion: Homogeneity and accuracy testing of TLD CaSO₄:Dy and LiF:Mg,Ti shows that dose distribution becomes more homogeneous as the distance increases. The best measurement accuracy is achieved at shorter distances.

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