Globally, tuberculosis (TB) is a major health concern, highlighting the need for early diagnosis and monitoring of treatment outcomes to effectively manage the disease. To combat TB globally, new strategies are required. Specifically, novel diagnostic tools and novel biosignatures are needed to assess critical pathogen and host components of the infection response. The present investigation aims to evaluate non-sputum-based diagnostic assays, and identify biosignatures predictive of appropriate response to treatment, and biosignatures of risk of developing active tuberculosis disease. In the field of tuberculosis diagnosis and therapy, biosignatures are becoming significant. GeneXpert, microscopy, and culture are essential diagnostic methods for detecting TB and monitoring treatment. Each method provides unique benefits and diagnostic effectiveness regarding speed, sensitivity, and cost. New candidate biosignatures have been reported frequently, but there are not many examples of independent validation. A reduction in the time interval between validation of biosignatures against distinct clinical endpoints in various populations and exploratory upstream identification of potential biomarkers is required. Both financial agencies and scientists will need to make a significant commitment to this. This review focuses on through analysis of various biosignatures used in TB diagnosis, including cutting-edge techniques, and also discusses the potential of biosignatures in relation to drug resistance prediction, therapeutic monitoring, and evaluation of treatment efficacy, and potential applications of biosignatures or biomarkers in tuberculosis.
Gupta et al. (Fri,) studied this question.
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