The dairy cattle sector in Boyolali Regency, Central Java, plays a strategic role in food provision and local employment. However, it faces multiple challenges, including climate change, low generational renewal among farmers and limited policy support. These conditions indicate a need for a systematic and measurable reformulation of sustainability strategies. Therefore, this study aims to develop a comprehensive and relevant set of sustainability indicators for the dairy cattle sector based on consensus among experts and stakeholders. To achieve this objective, the Delphi method was employed, involving 19 panellists from diverse backgrounds. Two Delphi rounds were conducted. In the first round, indicators compiled from the literature were screened and evaluated through questionnaires, interviews and focus group discussions. In the second round, consensus on the selected indicators was assessed using a quantitative approach. The results identify 62 sustainability indicators grouped into 5 dimensions: economic (13 indicators), environmental (10), social (15), governance (3) and animal welfare (21). Five indicators were classified as highly relevant: intergenerational business sustainability, access to marketing partnership and information, protection of productive female cattle, health screening of breeding stock upon purchase and biosecurity control through livestock movement monitoring. In addition, 29 indicators (47%) achieved full consensus among all panellists. These findings provide a strong conceptual and empirical foundation for implementing sustainability strategies at the farm level, as well as for informing more targeted policy formulation by both local and national governments.
Saptono et al. (Thu,) studied this question.
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