We present a zero-free-parameter physical model that uniquely predicts five quantitative invariants for the Hessdalen luminous phenomena — none appearing in any prior model — and defines a three-step falsification protocol executable in a single field campaign. The central mechanism is a Bennett pinch plasma column sustained by continuous subsurface geophysical current: an open dissipative system (stored energy 0. 004–0. 06 J; continuous radiated power up to 19 kW), anchored to a permanent geological substrate. This open-system architecture — energy supplied continuously from below, not stored internally — explains two centuries of secular recurrence at fixed geographical locations without invoking any energy reservoir, and is physically distinct from all closed-system models (ball lightning, Turner aerosol, Kapitsa microwave discharge). The Hessdalen valley (Norway, 62. 8°N) has produced persistent anomalous luminous phenomena for at least two centuries, with 15–20 events per week during the 1983–1985 instrumented campaign and continuous automatic monitoring since 1998. No physical explanation has achieved peer-reviewed consensus across four decades. This Complete Corpus presents the Geophysically Anchored Coherent Plasmoid (GACP) framework in two self-contained parts. ─────────────────────────────────────PART I — PHYSICAL FOUNDATION───────────────────────────────────── Three original contributions: (1) Identification of p-hole activation coupled to Bennett pinch self-confinement as the unified mechanism for geophysically anchored persistent luminous plasma structures — a conjunction not previously described in the literature. (2) A zero-free-adjustment-parameter sixteen-stage causal chain derived exclusively from published physical constants and site-specific measurements. Zero-free-adjustment-parameter applies strictly to the five designated physical invariants; remaining input quantities (dₛrc = 300 m, a ∈ 0. 5, 1. 0 m, Tₑ ∈ 2, 000, 3, 400 K) are constrained by independent published measurements without free tuning. (3) A three-step falsification protocol including a p-hole velocity-spread asymmetric dB/dt criterion — dB/dt ∝ 1/t² for uniform v ∈ 100, 300 m/s; B (t) itself has near-zero skewness — that uniquely discriminates the GACP from all earthquake-light variants. All model parameters for the Hessdalen calibration site are derived without free-adjustment parameters: electron density nₑ = 10¹⁷ m⁻³ (constrained by two independent radar datasets — EMBLA 2002 UHF 439. 3 MHz and Strand 1984 X-band 9, 450 MHz) ; threshold current Iₘin = 208–543 A; stored energy 0. 004–0. 06 J; extinction timescale τₚlasma = 5. 534 ns; geophysical power Pgeo = 32–88 kW (conservative 32–45 kW at jₘin; central 63–88 kW at jᵣef; ρ ∈ 71, 100 Ω·m). Five physical invariants follow analytically: - Chandrasekhar–Kendall eigenvalue: αCK·a = 4. 493- Helicity deposit timescale: τᵣelax = μ₀σL² = 11. 3–1, 131 s- Event-rarity ratio: Iₜel/Iₘin ≈ 1- Extinction timescale: τₚlasma ≈ 5. 5 ns- Open-system power condition: Pgeo = 32–88 kW > Pᵣad None of these five invariants appears in any prior model. The observed ~98% long-term decline in sighting frequency — from ~1, 040 events/year (1982–1984) to ~20/year by the mid-1990s — is retroactively predicted from independently measured Norwegian permafrost warming data (Etzelmüller et al. 2023, The Cryosphere 17: 5477; Czekirda et al. 2023, The Cryosphere 17: 2725), with no free-adjustment parameters. ─────────────────────────────────────PART II — MEASUREMENT PROTOCOL───────────────────────────────────── A three-step, dual-test protocol applicable to any confirmed C1+C2+C3 luminous event site worldwide. Hessdalen is the primary calibration site — the only location with a 40-year continuous instrumented record and confirmed C1+C2+C3 conditions (Vargemezis et al. 2024, J. Appl. Geophys. 226: 105398). Test 1 (Steps A+B): magnetic precursor Δt ∈ 0. 333, 5. 00 s with asymmetric dB/dt morphology + post-extinction substrate helicity decay τᵣelax = μ₀σL². Eliminates all 11 competing models. Instrument: fluxgate magnetometer ≤1 nT, ≥10 Hz, GPS PPS. Test 2 (Step C): Hα Doppler spectroscopy at R ≥ 31, 344. Positively confirms the Bennett plasma state (nₑ = 10¹⁷ m⁻³, Tₑ = 2, 000–3, 400 K). Instrument: echelle spectrograph. The ratio τGACP/τₐir = 10¹⁵–10¹⁷ is the categorical discriminant against all models lacking a conducting substrate. Six explicit falsification criteria (F1–F6) and full instrument specifications are defined. Three necessary site conditions define the global occurrence domain: C1 (conductive substrate σ ≥ 0. 1 S/m), C2 (active mechanical stress ≥ 5 MPa), C3 (electrochemical water contact). ─────────────────────────────────────SUPPLEMENTARY FILES───────────────────────────────────── verifyGACPCompleteCorpus. py — Python script (v2. 0) reproducing all 106 numerical checks to IEEE 754 double-precision across 8 blocks. Run: python3 verifyGACPCompleteCorpus. py. Result: 106/106 passed. GACPSupplementS1ₜauLR. pdf — Derivation of τLR = μ₀σL² and its distinction from the passive diffusion eigenmode τdiff = μ₀σL²/π² (factor π² ≈ 9. 87). Demonstrates that only τLR predicts B (10 s) > 2 nT at σ = 10² S/m (F2 threshold). sensitivity₂d. png — Telluric current sensitivity map in log₁₀–log₁₀ space showing stable operation band Iₘin ≤ Iₜel < Iₖink, published measurement ranges, and nominal operating point (Iₜel ≈ 209 A).
Aleuda Rodrigues Gonçalves (Thu,) studied this question.