This paper presents a unified electrodynamic plenum framework for celestial mechanics that determines the dynamics, masses, gravity and angular momentum of celestial bodies without invoking Newton's gravitational constant G. Three core physical postulates are advanced. First, interplanetary space is filled by an electrodynamic plenum, a structured energy field of operational density ρ0 = 8.854 × 10-12 kg m-3, whose numerical equality to the vacuum permittivity ε0 reflects that a single substrate carries both inertial and electromagnetic flux. The plenum is static in its undisturbed state (an electrostatic field) and becomes electrodynamic when set in motion by a rotating impeller such as a planet, a star, or a galaxy. Its bulk evolution is governed simultaneously by the Navier-Stokes equations for the fluidic motion and by Maxwell's equations for the rotational-magnetic coupling. Second, mass is bipartite: every body carries an inert nucleonic Mahatva Mqm = V·ρunc (the substance-anchored quantity that resists motion) and an interactive Gurutva Meff = V·ρ0 (the volumetric plenum-coupled quantity that interacts with the surrounding field). Third, the dynamical observable that characterises every plenum vortex is the Plenum Influence Parameter Φ = v2r, a kinematic invariant extracted directly from orbital data without recourse to gravitational mass.
Satinder Singh Malik (Fri,) studied this question.