The emergence of digital governance in India marks a transformative shift in the relationship between the State and citizens. This paper examines the evolution, significance, and challenges of e-governance and digital administration in India within the broader framework of Good Governance. It explores how initiatives such as Digital India, Aadhaar, National e-Governance Plan (NeGP), Unified Mobile Application for New-age Governance (UMANG), e-District services, and digital land record systems have strengthened transparency, accountability, efficiency, and citizen participation. The study highlights the transition from traditional paper-based governance to integrated digital platforms that facilitate seamless public service delivery through online and mobile channels. Particular attention is given to citizen-centric governance, data stewardship, privacy protection, mobile governance, and institutional accountability. The paper also analyzes major sectors transformed through digitization, including taxation, healthcare, and land administration. Despite remarkable progress, challenges such as the digital divide, cyber security threats, lack of interoperability, and limited digital literacy continue to hinder the achievement of inclusive digital governance. The study emphasizes the importance of leadership, ethical stewardship, local innovation, and policy coherence in building a sustainable digital republic. It concludes that digital administration is not merely a technological reform but a democratic instrument capable of empowering citizens, enhancing participatory governance, and strengthening India’s constitutional vision of transparency, equity, and social justice.
Vishnukant A. Baswade (Thu,) studied this question.