The paper re-evaluates India's export specialization in a dynamic and multidimensional context by jointly examining revealed comparative advantage, industry-level export growth, and relative global market size, thereby offering a more nuanced diagnosis of how Indian industries have evolved across different competitive regimes since the mid-2000s. It presents the first long-horizon, economy-wide application of a multidimensional quadrant model to India's HS two-digit export data, enabling a systematic assessment of sectoral transitions and structural changes that remain overlooked in traditional specialization analyses. The results indicate that a substantial share of India's export structure has been concentrated in static and domestically oriented industries, revealing persistent structural weaknesses despite the apparent benefits of specialization. While certain sectors display sustained specialization, their limited dynamism constrains long-term competitiveness. By explicitly linking empirical export patterns with the differentiated requirements of industrial policy, the study provides policy-relevant insights into the strategic trade-offs between specialization, diversification, and resilience. In doing so, the paper contributes to contemporary debates on export restructuring and structural transformation in emerging economies.
Rashid et al. (Mon,) studied this question.
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