What question did this study set out to answer?

This research aims to extend the D3 formula to incorporate rotating black holes and identify a universal spin-suppression factor.

June 6, 2026Open Access

Spin-Dependent Information-Geometry in Rotating Black Holes: Kerr Extension of the D3 Formula and a Universal Spin-Suppression Factor

Key Points

This research aims to extend the D3 formula to incorporate rotating black holes and identify a universal spin-suppression factor.
Derived the spin-suppression factor from the Kerr Hawking temperature and D3 formula.
Verified results using observational data from GW150914 and GRS 1915+105.
Exact closed-form spin-suppression factor derived as f(χ) = 2√(1−χ²) / (1 + √(1−χ²)).
The factor is mass-independent to ten significant figures across four decades of mass.
At χ=0, Schwarzschild result is recovered; at extremal limit χ→1, f approaches 0.

Abstract

We extend the D3 formula to rotating (Kerr) black holes. Substituting the Kerr Hawking temperature into D3 yields an exact closed-form spin-suppression factor: f (χ) = 2√ (1−χ²) / (1 + √ (1−χ²) ), where χ is the dimensionless spin parameter. This ratio is universal — mass-independent to ten significant figures across four decades of mass. At χ=0 the Schwarzschild result is recovered exactly; at χ→1 (extremal) f→0, consistent with TKerr→0. Results are verified against GW150914 and GRS 1915+105 observational data.

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