Abstract Introduction Vasectomy is the only permanent method of contraception available for men. No-scalpel vasectomy is the preferred technique due to its favorable safety profile and low complication rates. Objective The aim of this study was to assess the success rate of the vasectomy procedure, the compliance of patients to the follow up and which contraceptive method could be a predictor of patient compliance to post-vasectomy semen analysis (PVSA). Methods 1,774 men undergoing vasectomy between 2016 and 2024 at a single tertiary-referral center in Barcelona, Spain, were retrospectively evaluated. Data including the PVSA three months after the procedure and contraceptive methods were collected. Descriptive statistics was used to determine the cohort. A chi-square test of independence was applied to assess the association between contraceptive methods and azoospermia status at PVSA (significance: p 0.05). Results 1,516 men (86%) achieved azoospermia at the first PVSA. 80 (4%) still had spermatozoa present, and 178 (10%) did not show up for the PVSA. A new PVSA was scheduled for all patients who did not achieve azoospermia or were absent at follow-up (n 258, 14%). 93 (5%) achieved azoospermia, 27 (1%) still had spermatozoa, and 138 (8%) did not show up for second PVSA. 495 (27.9%) men did not use any contraceptive method, 880 (50%) used condoms, 226 (12.7%) oral contraceptives, 150 (8.4%) intrauterine devices and 19 (1%) injectable contraceptives. By analyzing the association between contraceptive method and follow-up PVSA, the chi-square test of independence yielded a χ2 value of 23.2 (p=0.0031), indicating a statistically significant association between men that did not use a contraceptive method and not attending to the PVSA follow up. Conclusions Succes rate in PVSA was 99%. 8% of patients did not do follow up (2 scheduled PVSA). The absence of contraceptive method use appears to be associated with reduced adherence to recommended PVSA. Disclosure No
Raffo et al. (Mon,) studied this question.