Wind energy has emerged as one of the most rapidly expanding renewable energy sources, driven by growing concern for the environment, increasing demand for energy, and the gradual depletion of fossil fuel reserves. This review paper analyzes wind energy with the physical, technological and practical aspects in detail. It describes the atmospheric and thermodynamic processes that lead to the birth of winds, highlighting the influence of solar radiation, pressure differentials, and Earth’s rotation on circuiting global wind patterns KBG. The study further investigates the kinetic energy characteristics of atmospheric moving air and cubic wind speed power output correlation which has a powerful effect on site selection and system performance. Furthermore, the paper examines the primary wind turbine configuration types, performance metrics, environmental impacts and design considerations as well as economic factors and grid integration issues. It also looks at the current state of turbine design and offshore wind. The article ends up providing recommendations for research priorities and future technological developments for improving the efficiency, reliability and scalability of wind energy systems.
Komal Baban Ghunake (Mon,) studied this question.