Abstract: Constitutional democracy in India has entered a transformative phase in the twenty-first century, shaped by shifting socio-economic realities, evolving political cultures, and rapid technological change. The main objective of this research is to explore how constitutional democracy in India is evolving in the 21st century with a focus on the new trends shaping governance and the challenges that threaten its stability. Analyzing how political institutions, citizen participation, and social transformations impact democratic practice is the goal. Using secondary sources like constitutional provisions, judicial pronouncements, government reports, and current scholarly research, the paper takes a qualitative approach. According to the research's conclusions, centralization of power, the expanding influence of digital media, and growing calls for social equity are all major threats to India's democracy. Although the judiciary has become a vital player in mediating disputes, issues with institutional autonomy and accountability still exist. The democratic balance is further complicated by federal tensions between the Union and the States. Evidence suggests that popular mobilization, grassroots governance, and judicial interventions all contribute to the adaptability and vitality of Indian democracy in spite of these obstacles.
Md Tanvir Hossain (Mon,) studied this question.