What does this research mean for the field?

In Chinese adults with type 1 diabetes, lower pancreatic volume is independently associated with longer disease duration and reduced beta-cell function. Novelty: ClaimNovelty.INCREMENTAL. Consensus alignment: ConsensusAlignment.NEUTRAL.

What question did this study set out to answer?

The study aims to investigate the relationship between pancreatic volume and disease duration, alongside β-cell function in adults with type 1 diabetes.

June 7, 2026

2378-P: Pancreas Volume Declines with Disease Duration and Correlates with Mixed-Meal Tolerance Test Stimulated 2-Hour C-Peptide in Chinese Adults with Type 1 Diabetes

Key Points

The study aims to investigate the relationship between pancreatic volume and disease duration, alongside β-cell function in adults with type 1 diabetes.
Cross-sectional study of 46 adults with type 1 diabetes at Peking University People's Hospital.
Pancreatic volume measured via CT to calculate the pancreas volume-to-weight index (PVWI).
C-peptide levels assessed through a mixed-meal tolerance test (MMTT) to evaluate β-cell function.
PVWI is inversely correlated with disease duration (r = −0.300, p < 0.05).
PVWI positively correlates with MMTT-stimulated C-peptide (r = 0.373, p < 0.05).
Non-responders showed significantly lower PVWI (0.44 mL/kg) compared to responders (0.60 mL/kg, p = 0.038) and longer disease duration (16.0 years vs. 7.0 years, p = 0.008).

Abstract

Introduction and Objective: Pancreatic atrophy in type 1 diabetes (T1D) is underexplored in Chinese adults. We hypothesized the pancreas volume-to-weight index (PVWI) relates to disease duration and β-cell function. Methods: In this cross-sectional study of adults with T1D at Peking University People’s Hospital, pancreatic volume measured on CT was used to calculate PVWI, and β-cell function was assessed by mixed-meal tolerance test (MMTT)-stimulated C-peptide. We analyzed factors associated with PVWI, compared responders versus non-responders, and examined correlations between PVWI and stimulated C-peptide. Results: Among 46 adults with T1D (median age 46.5 years; median duration 12.5 years), PVWI was inversely correlated with disease duration (r = −0.300, p 0.05) and positively correlated with MMTT-stimulated C-peptide (r = 0.373, p 0.05). Compared with responders (n = 9), non-responders (n = 33) had lower PVWI (0.44 vs. 0.60 mL/kg, p = 0.038) and longer disease duration (16.0 vs. 7.0 years, p = 0.008). In multivariable analysis adjusting for age, duration, and sex, MMTT-stimulated C-peptide remained independently associated with PVWI (β = 0.062, 95% CI 0.013-0.112, p = 0.015). Conclusion: In Chinese adults with T1D, lower pancreatic volume is associated with longer disease duration and lower MMTT-stimulated C-peptide. Disclosure C. Li: None. L. Ji: None.

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