In a real-world Diabetes Prevention Program cohort, Black and Low Risk participants had significantly greater increases in physical activity compared to other groups (p<0.05).
Cohort (n=1,642)
Yes
Does the effectiveness of a University-Based Diabetes Prevention Program on weight and physical activity vary by participant-level characteristics in DPP-eligible adults?
In a real-world university-based Diabetes Prevention Program, weight loss was similar across subgroups, but physical activity increases were highest among Black and lower-risk participants.
Absolute Event Rate: 38% vs 26%
p-value: p=<0.05
Introduction and Objective: The Diabetes Prevention Program (DPP) lowers incident diabetes risk but real-world effectiveness varies. We examined the association between weight and physical activity (PA) outcomes and participant-level characteristics across diverse groups of University of California (UC) DPP participants from 10 campuses. Methods: Using 2016-2024 UC DPP cohort data, we compared changes in percent weight and PA min/week by age, diabetes risk level (high vs low), and racial and ethnic group. Generalized mixed effects regression models with logarithmic linkage examined change, between baseline and most recent measurement, in PA and percent weight over 12 months. We adjusted for sex, age, race and ethnicity, and UC site. Interaction terms assessed differences by age, risk level, race and ethnicity. Results: We included 1,642 DPP-eligible adults who attended ≥3 UC DPP sessions; 18% self-identified as Asian, 10% Black, 28% Hispanic, 35% White, 1% multiracial, 1% other, and 6% unknown. Mean adjusted percent change in PA by race and ethnicity was +24% +48min/week Asian, +52%+96min/week Black, +35%+64min/week Hispanic, +22%+45min/week White, and +16%+28min/week multiracial. Black participants had significantly greater increases in mean adjusted percent change in PA compared to all other racial and ethnic groups (p0.05). Low Risk participants had significantly greater increases in mean adjusted PA change compared to High Risk (+38%+70min/week vs +26%+52min/week p0.05). We found no significant differences in PA change by age. Percent weight change did not vary by age, risk level, or race and ethnicity. Conclusion: Among our diverse group of UC DPP participants, percent weight change was similar across subgroups but increases in PA were highest among Black and Low Risk participants. To enhance DPP reach and engagement among diverse groups, our results suggest that PA should be emphasized as an additional key metric of success for real-world DPP delivery. Disclosure J. Cushing: None. M. Bhagat: None. U.R. Chung: None. N. Jackson: None. K. Chen: None. S. Soetenga: None. K.L. Shedd: None. A.M. Smith-Clapham: None. T.B. Loeb: None. C. Mangione: None. O. Duru: Consultant; Current; Boehringer Ingelheim International GmbH. T. Moin: None. Funding NIH/NIDDK (1R01DK124503)
Cushing et al. (Fri,) conducted a cohort in Diabetes risk (n=1,642). Low diabetes risk level and Black race vs. High diabetes risk level and other racial/ethnic groups was evaluated on Change in physical activity over 12 months (p=<0.05). In a real-world Diabetes Prevention Program cohort, Black and Low Risk participants had significantly greater increases in physical activity compared to other groups (p<0.05).