This paper establishes a multi-layer classification system for chemical systems based on chemical bond types, electronic structures, reaction mechanisms, and thermodynamic/kinetic frameworks. The system takes as successive refinement criteria the material hierarchy, chemical bond types and interactions, molecular/crystal symmetry, reaction types, mechanistic and catalytic patterns, thermodynamic and kinetic parameters, and concrete chemical species or reaction equations, forming an arbitrarily extensible classification tree. Each layer is equipped with corresponding axiom systems and fundamental theorems, so that any chemical system (from simple molecules to complex biopolymers, from elementary reactions to catalytic cycles) can be uniquely placed into a specific node of the tree. Conversely, any parameter combination of a node can mechanically generate an axiom system and predict as-yet-unstudied chemical structures or reaction types. The system possesses unity, completeness, and extensibility, analogous to the periodic table of chemical elements, and can be used to systematically discover and construct new compounds, new reaction types, and new materials. The paper provides formal definitions, construction methods, fundamental theorems, and multiple examples, and shows how classical branches of chemistry (inorganic, organic, physical, analytical, biochemistry, materials chemistry) are embedded into the system, as well as how to build axiom systems and fundamental theorems for vacant parameter combinations. All theorems are given rigorous proofs (general theorems at least 4 steps, important theorems at least 8 steps), and all predictions are equipped with complete axiom systems and existence constructions, transforming the development of chemistry from random discovery to fill-in-the-blank construction.
shifa liu (Wed,) studied this question.
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