Higher education plays a crucial role in promoting human development and national progress in India. This study examines the evolution of the Indian education system, particularly the historical development of higher education from ancient times to the present. It also highlights the major challenges faced by higher education institutions, including issues related to quality of teaching, curriculum relevance, economic barriers, and institutional inequalities. The study further discusses the need for reforms such as technological integration, innovation, faculty development, and value-based education. Strengthening higher education through effective policies like the National Education Policy 2020 is essential for sustainable human development.
Ganesh Machhindra Sathe (Sat,) studied this question.