Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) exhibits marked interpatient variability in chemotherapy response, with no reliable predictive tools, hindering personalized care. We established a biobank of patient-derived organoids (PDOs) from 10 patients with OSCC, which retained key histopathological and genetic features of primary tumors. These PDOs recapitulated clinical chemotherapy response diversity. Multi-omics analyses (genomics, transcriptomics, drug sensitivity) identified molecular signatures linked to chemotherapy resistance. Critically, PDO drug responses closely matched patients' clinical outcomes, validating their potential to predict treatment efficacy. Additionally, PDOs highlighted targeting the JAK-STAT pathway as a promising strategy to overcome resistance. Our findings support OSCC PDOs as a robust tool to guide personalized treatment decisions and improve OSCC patient outcomes.
Li et al. (Mon,) studied this question.
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