Shape-memory materials are capable of returning to a predetermined shape or generating a restoring stress in response to external stimuli such as thermal, electrical, optical or magnetic forces. Combining advantages such as light weight, flexibility, programmable response and structural reconfigurability, they have gradually become a vital material foundation for smart wearable systems. This paper follows the main thread of 'Materials and Structural Fundamentals—Typical Wearable Applications—Key Issues and Development Trends', systematically reviews research progress in shape memory materials across areas such as wearable sports assistance and rehabilitation, thermal management and thermotherapy, flexible sensing and haptic interaction, and functional and medical apparel. It focuses on summarising the adaptation pathways, representative configurations and performance characteristics of different material systems and fabrication methods, whilst discussing the major challenges currently faced in terms of response speed, thermal safety, cycling stability, textile processing compatibility and system integration. It also offers a outlook on future trends in multifunctional synergy, closed-loop control, personalised design and mass production.
Zhang et al. (Thu,) studied this question.