The discharge of dye-laden effluents has become a major source of aquatic pollution. Owing to their complex chemistries and persistent aromatic ring systems, dyes are often recalcitrant to complete removal by conventional treatment technologies. Metal-organic frameworks (MOFs), featuring highly tailorable porosity, abundant coordinatively active sites, and excellent chemical stability, have emerged as promising next-generation adsorbents. This review particular emphasis is placed on the design and performance of diverse MOF composite systems—including MOF/graphene, MOF/chitosan, MOF/nanocellulose, and MOF/magnetic metal particle hybrids. These architectures realize multiscale synergistic effects that preserve the intrinsic high surface area and accessible porosity of MOFs while markedly improving mechanical robustness, cycling stability, and ease of recovery. Finally, the review discusses current challenges and delineates future research directions for MOF-based composites in dye adsorption and the large-scale deployment of MOF-based composites
Jiaxin et al. (Wed,) studied this question.