This article introduces a compact dual-port multiple-input–multiple-output (MIMO) design for ultra-wideband (UWB) wearable applications. The proposed design has a footprint of 0.8λ0 × 0.58λ0 × 0.0133λ0 mm3 printed on a Jean substrate with relative permittivity ℇr = 1.67. The proposed structure is composed of a symmetric dual-element radiating structure formed by a pentagon-shaped patch integrated with an internally etched slot, which facilitates multiband operation. A narrow ground strip, connected with a 1 mm circular slot, acts as a decoupling network to lessen mutual coupling between the radiating elements. Operating within the frequency band of 2.4–12 GHz, the proposed design achieves an impedance bandwidth of 133%, making it suitable for UWB applications. With the improved isolation, this design achieves better diversity characteristics with envelope correlation co-efficient <0.002, diversity gain ≈ 10 dB, channel capacity loss < 0.4 bits/s/Hz, mean effective gain <−3 dB and total active reflection coefficient<−10 dB. Specific absorption rate (SAR) analysis is performed to evaluate the suitability of the antenna for wearable applications. The obtained SAR value is 0.244 W/kg, which is <1.6 W/kg limit specified by IEEE standards, thereby confirming its safe operation for on-body use. The proposed design is an excellent choice for body-worn applications due to its compact size and on-body analysis conditions.
Alekhya et al. (Sun,) studied this question.
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