Trends and Implications of the Liberalization of Environmental Goods Trade under International Trade Norms: Focusing on FTA Environmental Norm Typology and Non-Tariff Barrier Strategies

Key Points

• The aim is to examine the impact of FTA environmental norms and non-tariff barrier strategies on environmental goods trade.
• Classified FTA environmental norms into five types: norm, cooperation, declaration, integration, and climate-specific.
• Analyzed shifts in South Korea's trade structure from China to the U.S. concerning environmental goods.
• Proposed strategies for addressing non-tariff barriers.
• Identified a shift in South Korea’s environmental goods trade structure favoring the U.S. over China.
• Recommended differentiated trade strategies linking green industry competitiveness to climate policies.
• Outlined five categories of FTA environmental norms addressing various trade approaches.