Abstract Chronic noncommunicable conditions contribute substantially to global disease burden, responsible for approximately seven in ten deaths worldwide. Primary care settings provide critical opportunities for early identification and prevention through systematic screening and risk stratification programs. This narrative review synthesizes evidence-based approaches to integrating noncommunicable disease (NCD) prevention into primary care practice, with emphasis on cardiovascular diseases, diabetes mellitus, cancers, and chronic respiratory diseases. We examine screening effectiveness, risk assessment tools, and preventive interventions applicable across diverse healthcare settings, including resource-limited contexts in low- and middle-income countries. The review explores implementation strategies, including opportunistic screening, targeted high-risk approaches, and population-based programs. Barriers to effective screening include time constraints, limited resources, patient compliance challenges, and system-level obstacles. Evidence supports that structured screening programs combined with appropriate follow-up can reduce disease burden, improve early detection, and decrease healthcare costs. However, challenges, including false-positive results, overdiagnosis concerns, and equitable access, require careful consideration. We examine successful primary care models from various countries and discuss implementation strategies tailored to resource-limited settings. Understanding effective approaches to NCD screening and prevention is essential for family physicians, general practitioners, and primary care teams to reduce preventable disease burden and improve population health outcomes.
Ahmed Abdulaziz Almohammadi (Thu,) studied this question.