The increasing reliance on fossil fuels has intensified carbon dioxide emissions, highlighting the need for cleaner and more sustainable fuel production pathways. In this study, a renewable methanol production system based on biomass gasification, carbon dioxide utilization, and renewable hydrogen integration is proposed and systematically evaluated. The process is modeled using Aspen Plus and assessed through a comprehensive 4E framework, including energy, exergy, economic, and environmental analyses. The results indicate that the proposed system achieves a methanol production cost of 428. 28 /t, an overall exergy efficiency of 20. 89%, and a net power requirement of 13. 45 MW, while the total environmental impact is limited to 0. 1272 Pts/s. These findings demonstrate that eliminating energy-intensive units such as gas turbines and conventional post-combustion carbon capture can significantly reduce energy consumption, costs, and environmental burdens. Overall, the proposed configuration offers a technically feasible and environmentally favorable pathway for clean methanol production and contributes to sustainable fuel development and circular carbon utilization.
Fard et al. (Mon,) studied this question.