What question did this study set out to answer?

The aim is to explore Open Science principles, its challenges, and the necessary infrastructures and policies for implementation.

June 18, 2026Open Access

Introduction to Open Science: Where are we heading?

Key Points

The aim is to explore Open Science principles, its challenges, and the necessary infrastructures and policies for implementation.
The presentation discusses barriers to current research including paywalls and reproducibility issues.
Key Open Science practices are introduced, including Open Access and FAIR data principles.
International and national frameworks supporting Open Science are outlined.
Open Science practices, such as Open Access and Open Peer Review, are proposed to enhance accessibility.
Discussion on barriers shows significant challenges that affect the current research ecosystem and publication models.
Recommendations for infrastructures and policy reform initiatives are identified to support Open Science goals.

Abstract

This presentation provides an introduction to Open Science, its principles, challenges, infrastructures, and policy frameworks. It discusses barriers in the current research ecosystem, including paywalls, reproducibility challenges, peer review issues, and incentives in scholarly communication. The presentation introduces key Open Science practices such as Open Access, FAIR and Open Data, Open Research Software, Open Peer Review, Citizen Science, and Open Education. The presentation further highlights Open Science infrastructures, research data management, metadata standards, persistent identifiers, repositories, licensing, and research assessment reform initiatives such as CoARA. International, national, and institutional Open Science frameworks are discussed, including the UNESCO Recommendation on Open Science and the Croatian Open Science Plan. The material was prepared for an introductory lecture on Open Science and research data management. The presentation addresses the following questions: What is science, and what resources are required to conduct research? What are the major challenges facing modern research and scholarly communication? Why do paywalls, limited access to data, and reproducibility issues matter? How do current publishing and research assessment systems influence scientific behaviour? What is Open Science, and why is it important? How can Open Access, Open Data, Open Software, and Open Peer Review improve research? What are FAIR data principles, and how can they be implemented in practice? What role do metadata, persistent identifiers, repositories, and licences play in making research reusable? How can research data, software, protocols, and educational resources be shared openly and responsibly? What infrastructures, policies, and frameworks support Open Science at institutional, national, and international levels? How are UNESCO, CoARA, and national Open Science initiatives shaping the future of research? What practical steps can researchers take to contribute to a more transparent, reproducible, and inclusive research ecosystem?

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