Artificial intelligence (AI) is rapidly transforming higher education globally, yet its integration into Nigerian universities remains fragmented, under-theorised, and constrained by institutional, infrastructural, and policy deficits. This review paper synthesises empirical evidence and theoretical frameworks from global and African scholarship to construct a comprehensive framework for AI adoption, governance, and impact assessment in Nigerian higher education institutions (HEIs). Drawing on over 60 peer-reviewed sources, the paper examines: (1) the global landscape of AI in education; (2) the specific socio-technical context of Nigerian universities; (3) governance structures and ethical imperatives for responsible AI deployment; (4) pedagogical transformation enabled by intelligent systems; (5) challenges including digital divides, data sovereignty, and academic integrity; and (6) a proposed contextually situated adoption framework. Findings indicate that while Nigerian universities possess significant human capital potential, systemic gaps in infrastructure, policy coherence, faculty capacity, and regulatory oversight impede meaningful AI integration. The paper concludes with actionable recommendations for policymakers, university administrators, and international development partners, and identifies priority areas for future empirical research in the Nigerian higher education context
Terfa Swem (Sat,) studied this question.