Assessing technoeconomic environmental and reliability impacts of prosumer integration in emerging energy markets

Distributed prosumer integration has emerged as a promising approach for improving grid reliability, energy efficiency, and sustainability in emerging energy markets. This paper evaluates the technical, economic, environmental, and reliability effects of prosumer integration using real data from the local electricity distribution utility and simulations in the IEEE 14-bus system. The proposed framework integrates real consumption data, an economic assessment based on tariff-based operational savings, an environmental impact assessment, and dynamic fault analysis within a regulated, emerging-market context using a Real-Time Digital Simulator (RTDS). In this regard, three consumers are converted into prosumers through the integration of photovoltaic (PV) systems and modeled in the RTDS environment to evaluate their grid interaction under normal and fault conditions. The results indicate that transforming consumers into prosumers reduces energy costs by 36% to 43%, saves up to 15% more, cuts 34.9 tons of CO 2 per day, and enhances the network’s voltage stability and fault-restoration capabilities in simulation tests using RTDS. This proves the technical and economic viability of utilizing prosumers and their role in decentralized future energy markets.