Student research work in high school on the fundamental principles of quantum mechanics.Abstract:Quantum physics represents one of the most profound conceptual revolutions in modern science,redefining the foundations of matter, energy, and spacetime. This paper presents a structuredtheoretical examination of the development and implications of quantum mechanics, beginningwith the resolution of the ultraviolet catastrophe through energy quantization and extending tothe emergence of wave–particle duality, superposition, and intrinsic indeterminacy. By tracingthe contributions of Planck, Einstein, de Broglie, Schrödinger, Heisenberg, and Dirac, the workanalyzes the transition from classical determinism to probabilistic wave mechanics and thesubsequent formulation of quantum electrodynamics (QED) and quantum field theory (QFT).Particular attention is given to the conceptual shift from particles as localized objects toexcitations of underlying fields, providing a framework for understanding particle interactions,conservation laws, and the Standard Model of particle physics. The tension between quantummechanics and general relativity is examined through the unresolved problem of quantumgravity, highlighting the theoretical limitations that persist at singularities and Planck-scaleregimes. Rather than treating classical and quantum theories as irreconcilable domains, this studyconsiders their structural interplay and philosophical implications, emphasizing the need for aunified framework that coherently incorporates spacetime and quantization. The analysisprovides a qualitative synthesis intended to support future quantitative investigations intofundamental physics and the continued development of quantum technologies.
Abdulaziz Selham (2026) studied this question.