This paper develops a radical phenomenology of appearance that resolves a structural contradiction shared across phenomenology, cognitive science, and metaphysics. Existing theories explain how experiential content becomes accessible, integrated, predicted, represented, or enacted, yet they presuppose that the condition of appearance must itself be an appearing entity. This assumption is untenable because any appearing entity belongs to the domain of appearance and cannot serve as its non‑appearing condition. The paper introduces a minimal axiomatics that distinguishes strictly between appearing phenomena and the non‑appearing condition that enables appearance. The three axioms clarify that everything that appears is appearance, that appearing itself does not appear, and that the condition of appearance cannot be an entity, process, or substrate within appearance. This framework dissolves infinite regress, clarifies the limits of existing theories, and reframes the explanatory scope of phenomenology, cognitive science, and metaphysics.
Christoph J. Walder (Thu,) studied this question.
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