Dimension of Space: A Missing Link for Comprehensive Assessment of Product Sustainability

The study emphasizes the interconnectedness of a healthy economy, equitable societies, environmental well-being, and the path towards sustainable development. While current sustainability assessments acknowledge ecological, social, and economic factors, they frequently miss the mark on space pollution and its related metrics. Space sustainability, envisioned as the peaceful and equitable access to and utilization of outer space, and is portrayed as a multi-faceted concept requiring consideration of various aspects to ensure responsible space conduct. Specifically, space debris in Earth's orbit poses a formidable challenge to achieving sustainable space activities, yet this critical dimension continues to be understudied within the broader sustainability framework. The study aims to fill this research gap by identifying Key Performance Indicators (KPIs) for evaluating product sustainability, emphasizing a comprehensive understanding across terrestrial and extraterrestrial dimensions. It advocates for integrating space-related factors into sustainability assessments, emphasizing the need for a holistic approach that spans both Earth's immediate environment and the broader universe. The proposed space-related KPIs aim to address unique challenges and opportunities associated with space activities. This study pushes the boundaries of sustainability, calling for a comprehensive approach that connects earthly principles with the vast reality of space. It emphasizes the need for responsible practices both on Earth and in orbit, highlighting the growing risks associated with space debris and advocating for effective space management strategies. For businesses, the study signifies a paradigm shift – challenging them to consider the impact of their activities on space sustainability by integrating the 'Dimension of Space' and its associated indicators into their sustainability frameworks. This holistic approach is critical for cultivating responsible space practices, ensuring the long-term viability of space exploration, and safeguarding our shared orbital commons for future generations. Keywords: Space Industry, Sustainable Practices, Space Product Eco-labeling and Certification, Mitigation Strategies, Pollution Reduction, Resource Recovery and Recycling.