Trends and Analysis of Artificial Intelligence Research in Latin America (2013–2023)

Abstract This study presents a comprehensive analysis of the evolution of artificial intelligence (AI) research in Latin America during the period 2013–2023. The main objective is to examine trends in scientific production, international collaborations, and perceptions of AI in the region, highlighting both achievements and persistent challenges. The methodology employed included a bibliometric analysis based on data from the Web of Science database, complemented with advanced natural language processing techniques such as SciBERT, a pre-trained model specialized in the scientific domain. Text preprocessing, identification of named entities, and collaborative network analysis allowed for a detailed assessment of scientific production in AI, with a particular focus on digital transformation and its impact on health, sustainability, and public policy. The results indicate a significant growth of scientific production on AI in Latin America, with Brazil and Mexico as leaders in citation volume and impact. However, there has been a decrease in the average impact per article in recent years, suggesting an increase in the number of publications that does not necessarily translate into higher quality or international visibility. Areas such as health and sustainability emerge as prominent fields, although challenges persist in terms of infrastructure, funding, and the need for solid regulatory frameworks that promote the ethical use of AI. In conclusion, although AI research in Latin America has shown remarkable progress, a balanced approach that prioritizes the quality and visibility of publications is essential, as well as the implementation of public policies that foster strong international collaboration. This study underscores the importance of strengthening scientific infrastructure and collaborative networks to maximize the impact of AI in the region, contributing significantly to the sustainable and equitable development of Latin America.