Background Moringa oleifera (MO) is widely used as an adjunctive therapy for individuals living with HIV (PLWH) due to its nutritional and immune-modulating properties. Objective To systematically evaluate the effects of MO supplementation on immune and nutritional indicators in Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) -infected adults. Methods We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis by searching PubMed, EmBase, Web of Science, and Cochrane Library to include studies assessing the impact of MO supplementation on immune and nutritional markers, such as CD4 + T cell count, BMI, white blood cell (WBC) count, and platelet (PLT) count in PLWH. Data were pooled using random-effects or fixed-effects models, and subgroup and meta-regression analyses were performed to assess sources of heterogeneity. Results A total of seven articles (eight study datasets) were included. MO supplementation significantly increased CD4 + T cell count standardized mean differences (SMD) = 1. 4, 95% CI 0. 59–2. 20, p 0. 001, WBC (SMD = 0. 22, 95% CI 0. 02–0. 42, p = 0. 030), and PLT count (SMD = 3. 14, 95% CI 2. 37–3. 92, p 0. 001), with a significant improvement in BMI (SMD = 0. 29, 95% CI 0. 03–0. 55, p = 0. 028). Subgroup analysis demonstrated consistent effects in both randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and non-RCTs, while meta-regression indicated that dosage influences outcomes (p = 0. 007). Further studies with larger sample sizes are warranted. Conclusions MO supplementation significantly improves immune function and nutritional status in PLWH. Further high-quality studies are needed to confirm its efficacy and safety. Systematic review registration https: //www. crd. york. ac. uk/prospero/displayᵣecord. php? ID=CRD420251000927, PROSPERO: CRD420251000927.
Jin et al. (Mon,) studied this question.