Aspects of Utopia and Dystopia in Islamic Poetry: Between Religious Ideals and Criticism of Reality

This research seeks to explore the manifestations of utopia and dystopia in early Islamic poetry. These two contradictory visions of the world are manifested between religious utopia, on the one hand, and a critique of reality, which represents various aspects of corruption and deviation from moral and religious values, on the other. This is all done through a modern critical reading based on analytical, interpretive and cultural approaches. This reading is based on the premise that early Islamic poetry was not merely an extension of religious discourse, but it was also a field for critique and interaction with the major social change witnessed by the emerging Islamic society. The research concludes that this poetry was a conflict zone between utopia (the virtuous city) and dystopia (the corrupted one). This reflects an advanced poetic awareness of historical change and confirms the role of Islamic literature in expressing the tension between what is ideal and what is real.