Initial management of burn patients in non-specialized centers: a comprehensive approach to stabilization and referral

The initial management of burn patients in non-specialized healthcare facilities is a critical determinant of clinical outcomes, requiring prompt and systematic intervention to mitigate complications and optimize recovery. Given the pathophysiological complexity of burn injuries—encompassing thermal, chemical, and electrical etiologies—early assessment and stabilization are paramount to prevent secondary systemic insults such as hypovolemic shock, infection, and multi-organ dysfunction. This article delineates evidence-based protocols for primary evaluation, fluid resuscitation, wound care, and analgesia in resource-limited settings, emphasizing the importance of early referral to specialized burn units when indicated. By integrating principles of trauma care with burn-specific interventions, healthcare providers in non-specialized centers can significantly influence morbidity and mortality rates, bridging the gap between initial presentation and definitive treatment.