The two-Higgs doublet model beyond tree-level: a gauge-invariant formalism

A bstract Employing the gauge-invariant formalism in the two-Higgs-doublet model (THDM) offers profound insights into the model’s fundamental structure. A specific set of gauge-invariant bilinear combinations, constructed from the Higgs doublets, establishes a one-to-one correspondence between the components of the doublet fields and real-valued bilinears. This formalism provides a compact and consistent framework to study various aspects of the THDM, including stability, electroweak symmetry breaking, basis transformations, and general symmetries of the Higgs potential. Recently, the bilinear formalism has been extended beyond the Higgs potential to encompass the full THDM, including the gauge and Yukawa sectors, all in gauge-invariant terms. In this work, we advance the formalism further by incorporating quantum corrections. Specifically, we show how bilinears, combined with the ħ -expansion, can be used to compute one-loop corrections. We provide concise, gauge-invariant expressions for these corrections, which are directly applicable to the THDM.