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This is a Quantitative Study study (also classified as: Experimental Study).

September 20, 2025

TLC method assisted by digital images for analysis of ivermectin-based product

NGNatália Sabina dos Santos GalvãoUniversidade Federal de Goiás AKAna Carolina KogawaCentro Universitário Herminio Ometto de Araras

Key Points

The method demonstrates high precision and accuracy for ivermectin analysis, achieving an average content quantification of 98.95%.
Results show the method's linearity with a range from 100 to 900 µg/mL, and a relative standard deviation of less than 2%.
Utilizing silica gel plates and ethyl acetate: ethanol as a mobile phase, image analysis was performed with Image J software.
The method is validated as eco-friendly, receiving favorable scores across multiple green analytical tools, including NEMI and AGREE.

Abstract

Abstract Background Ivermectin (IVE) is an antiparasitic sold in the form of tablets, pastes, and injectable solutions. Neither the literature nor the official compendiums present an environmentally friendly method for analyzing the final IVE product by thin layer chromatography (TLC) assisted by digital images. This combination strengthens the advantages of cost, handling, time, execution and process optimization. Items, which the green and clean analytical chemistry values, and the National Environmental Methods Index (NEMI), Eco-Scale Assessment (ESA), Analytical GREEnness Metric (AGREE) and Green Analytical Procedure Index (GAPI) tools measure. Objective The objective of this work is to develop and validate an eco-efficient, fast, economical and easy-to-perform method for analysis of IVE injectable solution by TLC assisted by digital images. Method Silica gel plate, microsyringe and ethyl acetate: ethanol (13:2, v/v) as mobile phase were used in the method. The pixels were analyzed by Image J software after the spots were photographed under UV light. Results The method was selective when comparing standard and sample, indicative of stability by forced degradation test, linear (100–900 µg/mL), precise (RSD 2%), accurate and rugged to modifications in the analytical process. The method was able to quantify commercial products, showing an average content of 98.95%. The greenness of the developed method presented NEMI with 4 green quadrants, ESA and AGREE with a score of 83 and 0.61, respectively, and GAPI predominantly green and yellow. Conclusions The method was selective, indicative of stability, linear, precise, accurate, rugged and green, by NEMI, ESA, AGREE and GAPI, to quantify IVE in injectable solution. Additionally, it combined the advantages of TLC and digital image analysis. Highlights The work shows a TLC method assisted by digital images for analysis of ivermectin-based product.

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