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This is a Quantitative Study study.

September 23, 2025Open Access

The results of the development of the SPHERE-3 detector for studying the PCR mass composition in the 1-1000 PeV energy range. The status of 2025

ДЧД. В. ЧерновKrasnodar University of Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia ЕБЕ. А. БонвечLomonosov Moscow State University OCO. V. CherkesovaLomonosov Moscow State University

Key Points

The SPHERE-3 setup captures both direct and reflected Cherenkov light, enhancing cosmic ray studies.
Current project status shows advanced detecor performance modeling in measuring energy ranges from 1 to 1000 PeV.
Enhanced methods in mass composition analysis provide substantial improvements in understanding primary cosmic rays.
The detector aims to register extensive air showers, markedly improving data quality for cosmic ray research.

Abstract

The SPHERE-3 setup is destined to register the EAS Cherenkov light, both the direct and the reflected from the snow surface. A set of methods and new approaches in the measurement technique enable substantial progress in the study of the primary cosmic ray composition in the energy range 1--1000 PeV. The present work reveals the current status of the project development and detector performance modelling.

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