Introduction Efficient utilization of limited land resources to maximize economic, social, and ecological benefits is critical for enhancing urban green land use efficiency and achieving sustainable urban development. Methods This research integrates multi-source socioeconomic data to analyze 16 cities within the Chengdu-Chongqing urban agglomeration from 2006 to 2022. Employing exploratory spatial data analysis, standard deviation ellipse modeling, bidirectional fixed-effects regression, and geographically and temporally weighted regression, we examine the spatial-temporal evolution of urban green land use efficiency and the impact of urban expansion on urban green land use efficiency. Results The result shows that: (1) urban green land use efficiency exhibits a significant upward trend, reflecting a core-periphery structural evolution. (2) The spatial spillover effect of urban green land use efficiency remains consistently negative, particularly pronounced in the core cities of Chengdu and Chongqing. (3) Urban expansion negatively affects urban green land use efficiency, with a coefficient estimate of −0.185 in the fixed-effects model, and the GTWR model further reveals a deepening adverse impact from 2006 to 2022. Discussion These findings underscore the necessity of adopting “smart growth” strategies and provide policymakers with evidence-based insights for optimizing urban spatial planning and intercity collaboration.
Zhang et al. (2025) studied this question.
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