Topicality. Over the past decades, the attention of linguists and specialists in various fields of science and technology has been drawn to the study of the vocabulary of professional language. The relevance of the research topic is also enhanced by the fact that due to the spread of English into all spheres of use, there is a need to study and analyze professional language, in our case, the professional language of medicine, which in its turn requires a separate investigation of the features of language and understanding the sources of origin of medical terminology and its application according to the situation and purpose of communication. The proposed study will make it possible to clarify and highlight a number of relevant theoretical issues related to the category of medical term, beginning with the problem of defining professional language, the term, its classification, structural and semantic peculiarities and sources of origin and borrowing. Aim. To investigate, analyze and generalize theoretical issues regarding the methods of forming medical terminology based on the scientists’ views on the concepts of «term», «professional language», «professional language of medicine».The research methods are determined by the aim and objectives of the investigation, as well as the specifics of the material under study, namely: general methods of observation, analysis and synthesis, linguistic descriptive method, method of structural analysis. Novelty of scientific research. The views of scientists on the concepts of «term», «professional language», professional language of medicine in linguistics have been studied and generalized. Conclusions. Theoretical realizing of the definition of the concept of «professional language» in linguistics contributed to the understanding that in the aspect of multifunctional and multi- structural literary language, a separate functional group is distinguished that serves a certain professional sphere. Modern linguistics uses several equivalent terms to denote this language, in particular «professional language», «language of specific purpose», «sublanguage», etc. The definition of the concept of «term» is based on two main characteristics of the term, highlighted by linguists today. First, the concept of «term» is closely related to a certain field of science or technology: the same words have different meanings in various fields (for example, reactions are in the medical field, the chemical industry and political activity). Second, the interpretation of the word is revealed through an accurate, logical definition, and not the meaning of the word. Currently, various researchers of terminology list the following basic requirements for a term: the connection of the word with scientific concepts; a clear definition of the phenomenon described by the term; a narrow industry scope of application of the term; independence from the context in a sentence. Also, a term as a word of professional meaning must have an accurate, semantically transparent and understandable formulation, be stylistically neutral and harmonious. Medical terminology is characterized by the active creation of terminology from elements of classical terminology with a conscious influence on terminology, and includes the influences of both borrowed Greek and Latin terms and everyday phenomena widely used in the field of medicine, which acquire a new, stable and narrow meaning in the field.
Nykyforuk et al. (Thu,) studied this question.