Stroke in Pregnant Women: Etiology, Pathogenesis, Clinical Picture, Modern Methods of Diagnostics and Therapy: a Review

INTRODUCTION. Stroke is the fourth most common cause of death among all women and the eighth most common cause of pregnancy-related death. Despite the rare occurrence of stroke in pregnant women, this topic is of particular importance due to the severity of the pathology, disability of patients and increased maternal and perinatal mortality. AIM. To analyze the literary sources of domestic and foreign authors describing the current understanding of the etiology, pathogenesis, clinic, diagnosis and treatment of stroke in pregnant women. MATERIALS AND METHODS. An analysis of literature data for the period from 2015 to 2025 was conducted. Sources from the Russian scientific electronic library eLibrary, the RSCI databases, and PubMed were used. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION. The article is devoted to the review of risk factors and causes of stroke development in pregnant women, clinical features of ischemic and hemorrhagic strokes, and diagnostic methods. The review considers various methods of pathology treatment depending on the type of acute cerebrovascular accident. Particular attention is paid to the interdisciplinary approach involving obstetricians-gynecologists, neurologists, neurosurgeons, cardiologists and anesthesiologists-resuscitators. CONCLUSION. The conducted literature review shows that stroke in pregnant women is a rare, but extremely dangerous and complex clinical condition, which is a serious threat to both the mother and the fetus. It is important to note that the clinical picture is often masked by the symptoms of gestosis, preeclampsia and eclampsia, which complicates early diagnosis and increases the risk of complications. This pathology requires careful diagnosis and individualized treatment aimed at reducing the risk of complications and maintaining the health of the woman and child.